[MySQL] 사용자 로그 테이블 - (1) Primary Key가 필요한가?
이전 글들에서 사용자 로그 테이블을 설계할 때 Key에 대해 고려할 점과 파티션을 적용하고 관리하는 방법을 소개했습니다.
이 글에서는 사용자 로그 테이블에 daily 파티션을 생성, 추가 및 삭제하는 일련의 작업을 자동으로 처리하는 방법에 대해 살펴 봅니다.
개요
- 관리 대상 테이블을 지정하고 로그의 보관 기간을 설정하는 방법
- `log_retention` 테이블을 생성하고 다음의 내용을 저장
- 사용자 로그 테이블의 이름
- 파티션 키로 사용하는 날짜 컬럼의 이름
- 로그 보관 기간
- 파티션 관리 Stored Procedure
- 파티션이 없으면 파티션 생성
- 새 파티션 추가
- 보관 기간을 초과한 파티션 삭제
- Event를 생성하여 파티션 관리 Stored Procedure를 주기적으로 실행
- 하루에 한 번, 파티션 관리 Stored Procedure를 실행
테스트 환경 만들기
1. DB 및 테이블 생성
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SET NAMES 'utf8mb4';
SET COLLATION_CONNECTION = 'utf8mb4_general_ci';
SET sql_mode = 'ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,STRICT_ALL_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,TRADITIONAL,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';
CREATE DATABASE partition_test DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 DEFAULT COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;
USE partition_test;
CREATE TABLE tally (
n SMALLINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL COMMENT '1 ~ 10,000 정수',
PRIMARY KEY (n))
ENGINE = InnoDB
COMMENT = 'mutex 용도의 테이블';
INSERT `tally` VALUES (1),(2),(3),(4),(5),(6),(7),(8),(9),(10),(11),(12),(13),(14),(15),(16),(17),(18),(19),(20),(21),(22),(23),(24),(25),(26),(27),(28),(29),(30),(31),(32),(33),(34),(35),(36),(37),(38),(39),(40),(41),(42),(43),(44),(45),(46),(47),(48),(49),(50),(51),(52),(53),(54),(55),(56),(57),(58),(59),(60),(61),(62),(63),(64),(65),(66),(67),(68),(69),(70),(71),(72),(73),(74),(75),(76),(77),(78),(79),(80),(81),(82),(83),(84),(85),(86),(87),(88),(89),(90),(91),(92),(93),(94),(95),(96),(97),(98),(99),(100),(101),(102),(103),(104),(105),(106),(107),(108),(109),(110),(111),(112),(113),(114),(115),(116),(117),(118),(119),(120),(121),(122),(123),(124),(125),(126),(127),(128),(129),(130),(131),(132),(133),(134),(135),(136),(137),(138),(139),(140),(141),(142),(143),(144),(145),(146),(147),(148),(149),(150),(151),(152),(153),(154),(155),(156),(157),(158),(159),(160),(161),(162),(163),(164),(165),(166),(167),(168),(169),(170),(171),(172),(173),(174),(175),(176),(177),(178),(179),(180),(181),(182),(183),(184),(185),(186),(187),(188),(189),(190),(191),(192),(193),(194),(195),(196),(197),(198),(199),(200),(201),(202),(203),(204),(205),(206),(207),(208),(209),(210),(211),(212),(213),(214),(215),(216),(217),(218),(219),(220),(221),(222),(223),(224),(225),(226),(227),(228),(229),(230),(231),(232),(233),(234),(235),(236),(237),(238),(239),(240),(241),(242),(243),(244),(245),(246),(247),(248),(249),(250),(251),(252),(253),(254),(255),(256),(257),(258),(259),(260),(261),(262),(263),(264),(265),(266),(267),(268),(269),(270),(271),(272),(273),(274),(275),(276),(277),(278),(279),(280),(281),(282),(283),(284),(285),(286),(287),(288),(289),(290),(291),(292),(293),(294),(295),(296),(297),(298),(299),(300),(301),(302),(303),(304),(305),(306),(307),(308),(309),(310),(311),(312),(313),(314),(315),(316),(317),(318),(319),(320),(321),(322),(323),(324),(325),(326),(327),(328),(329),(330),(331),(332),(333),(334),(335),(336),(337),(338),(339),(340),(341),(342),(343),(344),(345),(346),(347),(348),(349),(350),(351),(352),(353),(354),(355),(356),(357),(358),(359),(360),(361),(362),(363),(364),(365),(366),(367),(368),(369),(370),(371),(372),(373),(374),(375),(376),(377),(378),(379),(380),(381),(382),(383),(384),(385),(386),(387),(388),(389),(390),(391),(392),(393),(394),(395),(396),(397),(398),(399),(400),(401),(402),(403),(404),(405),(406),(407),(408),(409),(410),(411),(412),(413),(414),(415),(416),(417),(418),(419),(420),(421),(422),(423),(424),(425),(426),(427),(428),(429),(430),(431),(432),(433),(434),(435),(436),(437),(438),(439),(440),(441),(442),(443),(444),(445),(446),(447),(448),(449),(450),(451),(452),(453),(454),(455),(456),(457),(458),(459),(460),(461),(462),(463),(464),(465),(466),(467),(468),(469),(470),(471),(472),(473),(474),(475),(476),(477),(478),(479),(480),(481),(482),(483),(484),(485),(486),(487),(488),(489),(490),(491),(492),(493),(494),(495),(496),(497),(498),(499),(500),(501),(502),(503),(504),(505),(506),(507),(508),(509),(510),(511),(512),(513),(514),(515),(516),(517),(518),(519),(520),(521),(522),(523),(524),(525),(526),(527),(528),(529),(530),(531),(532),(533),(534),(535),(536),(537),(538),(539),(540),(541),(542),(543),(544),(545),(546),(547),(548),(549),(550),(551),(552),(553),(554),(555),(556),(557),(558),(559),(560),(561),(562),(563),(564),(565),(566),(567),(568),(569),(570),(571),(572),(573),(574),(575),(576),(577),(578),(579),(580),(581),(582),(583),(584),(585),(586),(587),(588),(589),(590),(591),(592),(593),(594),(595),(596),(597),(598),(599),(600),(601),(602),(603),(604),(605),(606),(607),(608),(609),(610),(611),(612),(613),(614),(615),(616),(617),(618),(619),(620),(621),(622),(623),(624),(625),(626),(627),(628),(629),(630),(631),(632),(633),(634),(635),(636),(637),(638),(639),(640),(641),(642),(643),(644),(645),(646),(647),(648),(649),(650),(651),(652),(653),(654),(655),(656),(657),(658),(659),(660),(661),(662),(663),(664),(665),(666),(667),(668),(669),(670),(671),(672),(673),(674),(675),(676),(677),(678),(679),(680),(681),(682),(683),(684),(685),(686),(687),(688),(689),(690),(691),(692),(693),(694),(695),(696),(697),(698),(699),(700),(701),(702),(703),(704),(705),(706),(707),(708),(709),(710),(711),(712),(713),(714),(715),(716),(717),(718),(719),(720),(721),(722),(723),(724),(725),(726),(727),(728),(729),(730),(731),(732),(733),(734),(735),(736),(737),(738),(739),(740),(741),(742),(743),(744),(745),(746),(747),(748),(749),(750),(751),(752),(753),(754),(755),(756),(757),(758),(759),(760),(761),(762),(763),(764),(765),(766),(767),(768),(769),(770),(771),(772),(773),(774),(775),(776),(777),(778),(779),(780),(781),(782),(783),(784),(785),(786),(787),(788),(789),(790),(791),(792),(793),(794),(795),(796),(797),(798),(799),(800),(801),(802),(803),(804),(805),(806),(807),(808),(809),(810),(811),(812),(813),(814),(815),(816),(817),(818),(819),(820),(821),(822),(823),(824),(825),(826),(827),(828),(829),(830),(831),(832),(833),(834),(835),(836),(837),(838),(839),(840),(841),(842),(843),(844),(845),(846),(847),(848),(849),(850),(851),(8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CREATE TABLE audit_log (
audit_log_date datetime(0) NOT NULL,
audit_log_id bigint UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
PRIMARY KEY (audit_log_date, audit_log_id),
INDEX `nix-audit_log-audit_log_id` (audit_log_id)
) ENGINE = InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE item_log (
item_log_date datetime(0) NOT NULL,
item_log_id bigint UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
PRIMARY KEY (item_log_date, item_log_id),
INDEX `nix-item_log-item_log_id` (item_log_id)
) ENGINE = InnoDB;
CREATE TABLE log_retention (
log_table_name varchar(64) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY COMMENT '로그 테이블 이름'
, log_date_column_name varchar(64) NOT NULL COMMENT '로그 일자 컬럼 이름'
, retention_period smallint UNSIGNED NOT NULL COMMENT '로그 보관 기간. 단위 : day'
) ENGINE = InnoDB,
COMMENT '로그 보관 기간 정보';
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2. `audit_log` 테이블에 10일 전 로그 INSERT
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INSERT audit_log (audit_log_date)
VALUES (TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, -10, NOW(0)));
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3. `log_retention` 테이블에 2개의 유저 로그 테이블에 대한 파티션 관리 정보 INSERT
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INSERT log_retention (log_table_name, log_date_column_name, retention_period)
VALUES ('audit_log', 'audit_log_date', 180)
, ('item_log', 'item_log_date', 90);
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4. 현재 유저 로그 테이블의 파티션 상태 조회
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SELECT P.TABLE_NAME, P.PARTITION_NAME, P.PARTITION_ORDINAL_POSITION, P.PARTITION_DESCRIPTION
FROM log_retention LR
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'partition_test' AND P.TABLE_NAME = LR.log_table_name;
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(결과)
사용자 로그 파티션 관리 Stored Procedure
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-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- PROCEDURE usp_manage_log_partition
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DELIMITER $$
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `usp_manage_log_partition`$$
CREATE DEFINER=CURRENT_USER() PROCEDURE `usp_manage_log_partition`(
IN pi_int_partition_buffer int UNSIGNED -- 버퍼로 미리 만들 파티션의 개수
, OUT po_int_return int -- 리턴 값
)
DETERMINISTIC
SQL SECURITY DEFINER
CONTAINS SQL
COMMENT '
author : doeyull.kim
e-mail : purumae@gmail.com
created date : 2017-07-16
description : 로그 파티션에 대한 sliding window 작업
parameter :
IN pi_int_partition_buffer int UNSIGNED -- 버퍼로 미리 만들 파티션의 개수
, OUT po_int_return int -- 리턴 값
return value :
0 = 에러가 없습니다.
-1 = 예상하지 않은 런 타임 오류가 발생하였습니다.
usage :
SET @pi_int_partition_buffer = ;
CALL usp_manage_log_partition (@pi_int_partition_buffer, @po_int_return);
SELECT @po_int_return;
'
proc_body: BEGIN
DECLARE v_dt5_now datetime(0) DEFAULT(NOW(0));
DECLARE v_int_i int UNSIGNED;
DECLARE v_int_j int UNSIGNED;
DECLARE v_vch_log_table_name varchar(64);
DECLARE v_vch_log_date_column_name varchar(64);
DECLARE v_vch_partition_name varchar(64);
DECLARE v_dat_start_date date;
DECLARE v_int_partition_count int UNSIGNED;
DECLARE v_dat_oldest_date date;
DECLARE v_int_retention_period int UNSIGNED;
SET SESSION group_concat_max_len = 1000000;
-- STEP 1 : 파티셔닝 되어 있지 않은 로그 테이블에 최초 파티셔닝 적용
-- 1.1 아직 파티셔닝 되지 않는 로그 테이블 목록 추출
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tmp_create;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_create (
seq int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
log_table_name varchar(64) NOT NULL,
log_date_column_name varchar(64) NOT NULL
) ENGINE = MEMORY;
INSERT tmp_create (log_table_name, log_date_column_name)
SELECT STRAIGHT_JOIN log_table_name, log_date_column_name
FROM log_retention LPM
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE() AND P.TABLE_NAME = LPM.log_table_name
WHERE P.PARTITION_NAME IS NULL;
SELECT 1, FOUND_ROWS() INTO v_int_i, v_int_j;
-- 1.2 아직 파티셔닝 되지 않은 로그 테이블에 최초로 파티션 생성
-- ㄴ 임시 테이블 `tmp_create`의 Rows 수 만큼 LOOP
-- ㄴ 파티션 생성이 필요한 로그 테이블의 수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_int_i <= v_int_j DO
-- 테이블에 기록된 "가장 오래된 날짜"를 담을 세션 변수 초기화
-- ㄴ 동적 쿼리를 사용해 조회한 결과를 외부로 추출해야 하기 때문에 로컬 변수를 사용할 수 없음
SET @dt5_oldest_log_date = NULL;
-- 이번 LOOP에서 파티션을 생성할 테이블에 대해, 파티션 생성에 필요한 정보를 추출
-- ㄴ log_table_name, log_date_column_name은 tmp_create 테이블에서 직접 추출
-- ㄴ oldest_log_date는 동적 쿼리를 만들어 추출
SELECT CONCAT(
'SELECT ', log_date_column_name, '
INTO @dt5_oldest_log_date
FROM ', log_table_name, '
FORCE INDEX FOR ORDER BY (PRIMARY)
ORDER BY ', log_date_column_name, '
LIMIT 1;'
) AS dynamic_query, log_table_name, log_date_column_name
INTO @vch_stmt, v_vch_log_table_name, v_vch_log_date_column_name
FROM tmp_create FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE seq = v_int_i;
-- oldest_log_date를 구하기 위해 동적 쿼리 @vch_stmt 실행
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
-- 첫 파티션 일자 : 테이블에 기록된 가장 오래된 날짜. 테이블이 비어있다면 "오늘"
SET v_dat_start_date = DATE(IFNULL(@dt5_oldest_log_date, v_dt5_now));
-- 만드는 파티션의 총 개수 = 파티션 시작 일자 ~ 오늘까지 기간 + 버퍼 삼아 미리 만들 파티션의 수
SET v_int_partition_count = TIMESTAMPDIFF(DAY, v_dat_start_date, DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, pi_int_partition_buffer + 1, v_dt5_now)));
-- ALTER TABLE .. PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMN .. 문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
SELECT CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS (`', v_vch_log_date_column_name, '`) (', GROUP_CONCAT('
PARTITION p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, n - 1, v_dat_start_date)) + 0, ' VALUES LESS THAN ', IF(n = v_int_partition_count, 'MAXVALUE', CONCAT('(''', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, n, v_dat_start_date)), ''')')), ' ENGINE = InnoDB' SEPARATOR ','), '
);'
)
INTO @vch_stmt
FROM tally FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE n <= v_int_partition_count;
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET v_int_i = v_int_i + 1;
END WHILE;
DROP TABLE tmp_create;
-- STEP 2: 정기적인 파티션 추가
-- 2.1 파티션 추가가 필요한 로그 테이블 목록 추출
-- ㄴ 전제 조건
-- ㄴ 마지막 파티션은 LESS THAN MAXVALUE로 설정되어 있어야 함
-- ㄴ 파티션 이름의 이름 규칙은 p_ (예) p_20180701
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tmp_reorganize;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_reorganize (
seq int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
log_table_name varchar(64) NOT NULL,
start_date date NOT NULL,
partition_name varchar(64) NOT NULL
) ENGINE = MEMORY;
INSERT tmp_reorganize (log_table_name, start_date, partition_name)
SELECT STRAIGHT_JOIN LPM.log_table_name
, DATE_FORMAT(RIGHT(P.PARTITION_NAME, 8), '%Y-%m-%d')
, P.PARTITION_NAME
FROM log_retention LPM
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE() AND P.TABLE_NAME = LPM.log_table_name
WHERE P.PARTITION_DESCRIPTION = 'MAXVALUE'
AND P.PARTITION_NAME < CONCAT('p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, pi_int_partition_buffer, v_dt5_now)) + 0);
SELECT 1, FOUND_ROWS() INTO v_int_i, v_int_j;
-- 2.2 파티션 추가가 필요한 로그 테이블에 파티션 추가
-- ㄴ 임시 테이블 `tmp_reorganize`의 Rows 수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_int_i <= v_int_j DO
SELECT log_table_name, start_date, partition_name
INTO v_vch_log_table_name, v_dat_start_date, v_vch_partition_name
FROM tmp_reorganize FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE seq = v_int_i;
-- 추가할 파티션의 개수
SET v_int_partition_count = TIMESTAMPDIFF(DAY, v_dat_start_date, DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, pi_int_partition_buffer + 1, v_dt5_now)));
-- ALTER TABLE .. REORGANIZE PARTITION .. 문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
SELECT CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` REORGANIZE PARTITION ', v_vch_partition_name, ' INTO (', GROUP_CONCAT('
PARTITION p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, n - 1, v_dat_start_date)) + 0, ' VALUES LESS THAN ', IF(n = v_int_partition_count, 'MAXVALUE', CONCAT('(''', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, n, v_dat_start_date)), ''')')), ' ENGINE = InnoDB' SEPARATOR ','), '
);'
)
INTO @vch_stmt
FROM tally FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE n <= v_int_partition_count;
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET v_int_i = v_int_i + 1;
END WHILE;
DROP TABLE tmp_reorganize;
-- STEP 3. 보관 기간이 만료된 파티션 삭제
-- 3.1 보존 기간보다 오래된 파티션을 가진 테이블 목록 추출
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tmp_drop;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_drop (
seq int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
log_table_name varchar(64) NOT NULL,
oldest_date date NOT NULL,
retention_period int UNSIGNED NOT NULL
) ENGINE = MEMORY;
INSERT tmp_drop (log_table_name, oldest_date, retention_period)
SELECT LPM.log_table_name
, DATE_FORMAT(RIGHT(P.PARTITION_NAME, 8), '%Y-%m-%d')
, LPM.retention_period
FROM log_retention LPM
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE() AND P.TABLE_NAME = LPM.log_table_name
WHERE P.PARTITION_ORDINAL_POSITION = 1
AND P.PARTITION_NAME < CONCAT('p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, - LPM.retention_period + 1, v_dt5_now)) + 0);
SELECT 1, FOUND_ROWS() INTO v_int_i, v_int_j;
-- 3.2 로그 테이블에서 만료된 파티션 삭제
-- ㄴ 임시 테이블 `tmp_drop`의 Rows 수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_int_i <= v_int_j DO
SELECT log_table_name, oldest_date, retention_period
INTO v_vch_log_table_name, v_dat_oldest_date, v_int_retention_period
FROM tmp_drop FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE seq = v_int_i;
-- 만료된 파티션이 삭제되었을 때, 파티션의 시작 일자 (이 일자 이전의 파티션은 삭제 대상)
SET v_dat_start_date = DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, - v_int_retention_period + 1, v_dt5_now));
-- 만료된 로그를 임시로 적재할 테이블이 존재하지 않으면 생성
-- ㄴ 이름 규칙 : _trash (예) audit_log_trash
-- ㄴ 이 단계에서 생성한 %_trash 테이블은 마지막에 drop하지 않고 계속 재활용합니다.
-- ㄴ 파티션이 많은 사용자 로그 테이블로부터 CREATE TABLE .. LIKE .. 구문을 사용하여 %_trash 테이블을 만드는 비용이 크기 때문
IF NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM information_schema.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE()
AND TABLE_NAME = CONCAT(v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash')
) THEN
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'CREATE TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash` LIKE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '`;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash` REMOVE PARTITIONING;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
END IF;
-- 3.2.1 삭제해야하는 파티션의 개수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_dat_oldest_date < v_dat_start_date DO
-- ALTER TABLE .. EXCHANGE PARTITION .. WITH TABLE .. 구문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
-- ㄴ 삭제할 파티션을 %_trash 테이블의 빈 .idb 파일과 교환
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` EXCHANGE PARTITION p_', v_dat_oldest_date + 0, ' WITH TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash`;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
-- ALTER TABLE .. DROP PARTITION .. 구문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
-- ㄴ 사용자 로그 테이블에서 빈 파티션을 삭제
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` DROP PARTITION p_', v_dat_oldest_date + 0, ';'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
-- TRUNCATE TABLE .. 구문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
-- ㄴ %_trash 테이블 비우기
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'TRUNCATE TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash`;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET v_dat_oldest_date = TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, 1, v_dat_oldest_date);
END WHILE;
SET v_int_i = v_int_i + 1;
END WHILE;
DROP TABLE tmp_drop;
SET po_int_return = 0;
END proc_body$$
DELIMITER ;
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Stored Procedure 실행하고 파티션 상태 조회
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CALL usp_manage_log_partition(1, @r);
SELECT P.TABLE_NAME, P.PARTITION_NAME, P.PARTITION_ORDINAL_POSITION, P.PARTITION_DESCRIPTION
FROM log_retention LR
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'partition_test' AND P.TABLE_NAME = LR.log_table_name;
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(결과)
오늘은 2018년 7월 19일입니다.
1. `audit_log` 테이블에는 10일전 로그 (2018년 7월 9일)가 있으므로, p_20180709 파티션부터 생성되었고, `item_log` 테이블은 비어있기 때문에 오늘인 p_20180719 파티션부터 생성되었습니다.
2. Stored Procedure를 호출할 때 첫 번째 인자인 pi_int_partition_buffer 값으로 1을 넣었으므로, 1개의 버퍼 파티션인 p_20180720 이 추가로 생성되었습니다.
정기적으로 Stored Procedure를 실행하도록 Event 생성 - 매일 AM 4:00 실행
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CREATE DEFINER=CURRENT_USER() EVENT `ues_log_slide_window`
ON SCHEDULE
EVERY 1 DAY
STARTS TIMESTAMPADD(HOUR, 4, DATE(NOW()))
ON COMPLETION NOT PRESERVE
ENABLE
COMMENT ''
DO
evt_body: BEGIN
DECLARE v_int_return int;
CALL usp_manage_log_partition(5, v_int_return); END evt_body
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맺으며
다양한 상황에 대해 일일이 테스트 케이스를 만들어 보여드리진 않았습니다.
여러가지 상황을 직접 만들어 테스트 해보시고, 되도록 주석을 자세히 적으려고 노력했으니 코드를 읽어 보시면 도움이 되시리라 생각합니다.
또 한가지 고려해야 하는 사항이 있는데, MySQL에서 테이블에 파티션이 많을수록 INSERT 성능이 떨어진다는 점입니다.
SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE 문은 Partition Pruning 이 지원되지만, INSERT 문은 그렇지 않기 때문입니다.
로그가 대용량이 아니라면 파티션의 단위를 week, month 단위로 하는 것도 검토해 볼 필요가 있겠습니다.
이 글에서 소개한 스크립트를 적절히 응용하셔서 각자의 서비스에 적절한 형태로 만들어 보시면 좋겠습니다. ^^
p.s 댓글에 있던 월 단위 파티셔닝을 적용한 스크립트입니다.
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-- -----------------------------------------------------
-- PROCEDURE usp_manage_log_partition
-- -----------------------------------------------------
DELIMITER $$
DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS `usp_manage_log_partition`$$
CREATE DEFINER=CURRENT_USER() PROCEDURE `usp_manage_log_partition`(
IN pi_int_partition_buffer int UNSIGNED -- 버퍼로 미리 만들 파티션의 개수
, OUT po_int_return int -- 리턴 값
)
DETERMINISTIC
SQL SECURITY DEFINER
CONTAINS SQL
COMMENT '
author : doeyull.kim
e-mail : dy.kim@hodoolabs.com
created date : 2021-12-17
description : 로그 파티션에 대한 sliding window 작업
parameter :
IN pi_int_partition_buffer int UNSIGNED -- 버퍼로 미리 만들 파티션의 개수
, OUT po_int_return int -- 리턴 값
return value :
0 = 에러가 없습니다.
-1 = 예상하지 않은 런 타임 오류가 발생하였습니다.
commit message :
최초 작성
/* ##ssp_debug_00## */
'
proc_body: BEGIN
DECLARE v_dt5_now datetime(0) DEFAULT(NOW(0));
DECLARE v_dat_this_month date DEFAULT(CAST(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, -1, TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, 1, LAST_DAY(v_dt5_now))) AS date));
DECLARE v_int_i int UNSIGNED;
DECLARE v_int_j int UNSIGNED;
DECLARE v_vch_log_table_name varchar(64);
DECLARE v_vch_log_date_column_name varchar(64);
DECLARE v_vch_partition_name varchar(64);
DECLARE v_dat_start_date date;
DECLARE v_int_partition_count int UNSIGNED;
DECLARE v_dat_oldest_date date;
DECLARE v_int_retention_period int UNSIGNED;
SET SESSION group_concat_max_len = 1000000;
-- STEP 1 : 파티셔닝 되어 있지 않은 로그 테이블에 최초 파티셔닝 적용
-- 1.1 아직 파티셔닝 되지 않는 로그 테이블 목록 추출
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmp_create;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_create (
seq int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
log_table_name varchar(64) NOT NULL,
log_date_column_name varchar(64) NOT NULL
) ENGINE = MEMORY;
INSERT tmp_create (log_table_name, log_date_column_name)
SELECT STRAIGHT_JOIN log_table_name, log_date_column_name
FROM log_retention LPM
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE() AND P.TABLE_NAME = LPM.log_table_name
WHERE P.PARTITION_NAME IS NULL;
SELECT 1, FOUND_ROWS()
INTO v_int_i, v_int_j;
-- 1.2 아직 파티셔닝 되지 않은 로그 테이블에 최초로 파티션 생성
-- ㄴ 임시 테이블 `tmp_create`의 Rows 수 만큼 LOOP
-- ㄴ 파티션 생성이 필요한 로그 테이블의 수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_int_i <= v_int_j DO
-- 테이블에 기록된 "가장 오래된 날짜"를 담을 세션 변수 초기화
-- ㄴ 동적 쿼리를 사용해 조회한 결과를 외부로 추출해야 하기 때문에 로컬 변수를 사용할 수 없음
SET @dt5_oldest_log_date = NULL;
-- 이번 LOOP에서 파티션을 생성할 테이블에 대해, 파티션 생성에 필요한 정보를 추출
-- ㄴ log_table_name, log_date_column_name은 tmp_create 테이블에서 직접 추출
-- ㄴ oldest_log_date는 동적 쿼리를 만들어 추출
SELECT CONCAT(
'SELECT ', log_date_column_name, '
INTO @dt5_oldest_log_date
FROM ', log_table_name, '
FORCE INDEX FOR ORDER BY (PRIMARY)
ORDER BY ', log_date_column_name, '
LIMIT 1;'
) AS dynamic_query, log_table_name, log_date_column_name
INTO @vch_stmt, v_vch_log_table_name, v_vch_log_date_column_name
FROM tmp_create FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE seq = v_int_i;
-- oldest_log_date를 구하기 위해 동적 쿼리 @vch_stmt 실행
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
-- 첫 파티션 일자 : 테이블에 기록된 가장 오래된 날짜가 속한 달. 테이블이 비어있다면 "이번 달"
SET v_dat_start_date = IFNULL(CAST(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, -1, TIMESTAMPADD(DAY, 1, LAST_DAY(@dt5_oldest_log_date))) AS date), v_dat_this_month);
-- 만드는 파티션의 총 개수 = 파티션 시작 일자 ~ 오늘까지 기간 + 버퍼 삼아 미리 만들 파티션의 수
SET v_int_partition_count = TIMESTAMPDIFF(MONTH, v_dat_start_date, DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, pi_int_partition_buffer + 1, v_dat_this_month)));
-- ALTER TABLE .. PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMN .. 문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
SELECT CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` PARTITION BY RANGE COLUMNS (`', v_vch_log_date_column_name, '`) (', GROUP_CONCAT('
PARTITION p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, n - 1, v_dat_start_date)) + 0, ' VALUES LESS THAN ', IF(n = v_int_partition_count, 'MAXVALUE', CONCAT('(''', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, n, v_dat_start_date)), ''')')), ' ENGINE = InnoDB' SEPARATOR ','), '
);'
)
INTO @vch_stmt
FROM tally FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE n <= v_int_partition_count;
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET v_int_i = v_int_i + 1;
END WHILE;
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_create;
-- STEP 2: 정기적인 파티션 추가
-- 2.1 파티션 추가가 필요한 로그 테이블 목록 추출
-- ㄴ 전제 조건
-- ㄴ 마지막 파티션은 LESS THAN MAXVALUE로 설정되어 있어야 함
-- ㄴ 파티션 이름의 이름 규칙은 p_{일자} (예) p_20180701
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmp_reorganize;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_reorganize (
seq int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
log_table_name varchar(64) NOT NULL,
start_date date NOT NULL,
partition_name varchar(64) NOT NULL
) ENGINE = MEMORY;
INSERT tmp_reorganize (log_table_name, start_date, partition_name)
SELECT STRAIGHT_JOIN LPM.log_table_name
, DATE_FORMAT(RIGHT(P.PARTITION_NAME, 8), '%Y-%m-%d')
, P.PARTITION_NAME
FROM log_retention LPM
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE() AND P.TABLE_NAME = LPM.log_table_name
WHERE P.PARTITION_DESCRIPTION = 'MAXVALUE'
AND P.PARTITION_NAME < CONCAT('p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, pi_int_partition_buffer, v_dat_this_month)) + 0);
SELECT 1, FOUND_ROWS()
INTO v_int_i, v_int_j;
-- 2.2 파티션 추가가 필요한 로그 테이블에 파티션 추가
-- ㄴ 임시 테이블 `tmp_reorganize`의 Rows 수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_int_i <= v_int_j DO
SELECT log_table_name, start_date, partition_name
INTO v_vch_log_table_name, v_dat_start_date, v_vch_partition_name
FROM tmp_reorganize FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE seq = v_int_i;
-- 추가할 파티션의 개수
SET v_int_partition_count = TIMESTAMPDIFF(MONTH, v_dat_start_date, DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, pi_int_partition_buffer + 1, v_dat_this_month)));
-- ALTER TABLE .. REORGANIZE PARTITION .. 문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
SELECT CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` REORGANIZE PARTITION ', v_vch_partition_name, ' INTO (', GROUP_CONCAT('
PARTITION p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, n - 1, v_dat_start_date)) + 0, ' VALUES LESS THAN ', IF(n = v_int_partition_count, 'MAXVALUE', CONCAT('(''', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, n, v_dat_start_date)), ''')')), ' ENGINE = InnoDB' SEPARATOR ','), '
);'
)
INTO @vch_stmt
FROM tally FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE n <= v_int_partition_count;
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET v_int_i = v_int_i + 1;
END WHILE;
DROP TABLE tmp_reorganize;
-- STEP 3. 보관 기간이 만료된 파티션 삭제
-- 3.1 보존 기간보다 오래된 파티션을 가진 테이블 목록 추출
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE IF EXISTS tmp_drop;
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_drop (
seq int UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
log_table_name varchar(64) NOT NULL,
oldest_date date NOT NULL,
retention_period int UNSIGNED NOT NULL
) ENGINE = MEMORY;
INSERT tmp_drop (log_table_name, oldest_date, retention_period)
SELECT LPM.log_table_name
, DATE_FORMAT(RIGHT(P.PARTITION_NAME, 8), '%Y-%m-%d')
, LPM.retention_period
FROM log_retention LPM
INNER JOIN information_schema.PARTITIONS P ON P.TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE() AND P.TABLE_NAME = LPM.log_table_name
WHERE P.PARTITION_ORDINAL_POSITION = 1
AND P.PARTITION_NAME < CONCAT('p_', DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, - LPM.retention_period + 1, v_dat_this_month)) + 0);
SELECT 1, FOUND_ROWS()
INTO v_int_i, v_int_j;
-- 3.2 로그 테이블에서 만료된 파티션 삭제
-- ㄴ 임시 테이블 `tmp_drop`의 Rows 수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_int_i <= v_int_j DO
SELECT log_table_name, oldest_date, retention_period
INTO v_vch_log_table_name, v_dat_oldest_date, v_int_retention_period
FROM tmp_drop FORCE INDEX FOR JOIN (PRIMARY)
WHERE seq = v_int_i;
-- 만료된 파티션이 삭제되었을 때, 파티션의 시작 일자 (이 일자 이전의 파티션은 삭제 대상)
SET v_dat_start_date = DATE(TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, - v_int_retention_period + 1, v_dat_this_month));
-- 만료된 로그를 임시로 적재할 테이블이 존재하지 않으면 생성
-- ㄴ 이름 규칙 : {로그 테이블 이름}_trash (예) audit_log_trash
-- ㄴ 이 단계에서 생성한 %_trash 테이블은 마지막에 drop하지 않고 계속 재활용합니다.
-- ㄴ 파티션이 많은 사용자 로그 테이블로부터 CREATE TABLE .. LIKE .. 구문을 사용하여 %_trash 테이블을 만드는 비용이 크기 때문
IF NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM information_schema.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = DATABASE()
AND TABLE_NAME = CONCAT(v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash')
) THEN
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'CREATE TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash` LIKE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '`;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash` REMOVE PARTITIONING;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
END IF;
-- 3.2.1 삭제해야하는 파티션의 개수 만큼 LOOP
WHILE v_dat_oldest_date < v_dat_start_date DO
-- ALTER TABLE .. EXCHANGE PARTITION .. WITH TABLE .. 구문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
-- ㄴ 삭제할 파티션을 %_trash 테이블의 빈 .idb 파일과 교환
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` EXCHANGE PARTITION p_', v_dat_oldest_date + 0, ' WITH TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash`;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
-- ALTER TABLE .. DROP PARTITION .. 구문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
-- ㄴ 사용자 로그 테이블에서 빈 파티션을 삭제
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'ALTER TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '` DROP PARTITION p_', v_dat_oldest_date + 0, ';'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
-- TRUNCATE TABLE .. 구문을 동적 쿼리로 생성하여 실행
-- ㄴ %_trash 테이블 비우기
SET @vch_stmt = CONCAT(
'TRUNCATE TABLE `', v_vch_log_table_name, '_trash`;'
);
PREPARE stmt FROM @vch_stmt;
EXECUTE stmt;
DEALLOCATE PREPARE stmt;
SET v_dat_oldest_date = TIMESTAMPADD(MONTH, 1, v_dat_oldest_date);
END WHILE;
SET v_int_i = v_int_i + 1;
END WHILE;
DROP TEMPORARY TABLE tmp_drop;
SET po_int_return = 0;
END proc_body$$
DELIMITER ;
|
cs |
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